Bacteria
| Symptoms | Diagnosis | Treatment |
| Red spots or streaks on body or fins of fish. | Septicemia and Ulcer Disease caused by bacteria including Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, and Vibrio. | If entire tank is affected, treat using a gram-negative proprietary antibiotic. It is recommended to feed the fish a medicated fish food containg an antibiotic, as the bacteria is most likely internalized as well. |
| Torn, ragged or stumpy fins, often edged in white. | Finrot usually caused by Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, | Treat using a gram-negative proprietary antibiotic. Placing a dab of methylene blue or malachite green directly on affected fins may help disinfect the areas and prevent secondary infections. |
| Bloated body, scales portrude from body, loss of appetite. Generally affects goldfish or african cichlids | Dropsy (goldfish) or Malawi Bloat (african cichlids). | The definite cause for this disease is unknown, so medication is difficult. A broad spectrum proprietary antibiotic coupled with the best possible water quality and food offers the best chance at treating these illnesses. |
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